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Esther 9:10

[See comments on Es 9:7].

On that day the number of those that were slain in Shushan the palace was brought before the king. Either by order of the king, that he might know how many enemies the Jews had in the city, and how many of subjects had been slain; or officiously by others, with an intention to irritate the king against the Jews.

Esther 9:12

John Gill - Exposition - John Gill

And the king said unto Esther the queen,.... After the account had been brought in to him: the Jews have slain and destroyed five hundred men in Shushan the palace; the Targum adds, of the seed of Amalek: and the ten sons of Haman: which very probably were all he had; though the Targum, in Es 9:14, makes mention of seventy sons that Zeresh his...

Esther 9:13

John Gill - Exposition - John Gill

Then said Esther, if it please the king,.... For she was all submission to his will: let it be granted to the Jews which are in Shushan; for no further did she desire the grant to be extended: to do tomorrow also according to this days decree; one Targum makes the request only that they might keep the morrow as a festival, but the other, more...

Esther 9:14

John Gill - Exposition - John Gill

And the king commanded it so to be done: and the decree was given at Shushan,.... That the Jews might have leave to seek out and slay the rest of their enemies in Shushan, on the fourteenth day, in like manner as they had on the thirteenth: and they hanged Haman's ten sons; on the same gallows very probably their father was hanged; the Targum...

Esther 9:15

John Gill - Exposition - John Gill

For the Jews that were in Shushan gathered themselves together on the fourteenth day also of the month Adar,.... As they had on the thirteenth: and slew three hundred men at Shushan; the Targum adds, of the family of Amalek: but there is no reason to confine it to them; it respects all such as were the enemies of the Jews, and rose up against...

Esther 9:16

John Gill - Exposition - John Gill

But the other Jews that were in the king's provinces gathered themselves together,.... In a body, in their respective provinces and cities: and stood for their lives; defended themselves against those that attacked them: and had rest from their enemies; that selfsame day; all being destroyed by them, and none daring to appear against them: and...

Esther 9:17

John Gill - Exposition - John Gill

On the thirteenth day of the month Adar,.... This belongs to the preceding verse; and the meaning is, that on this day the Jews gathered together and slew so many thousand of their enemies as before related: and on the fourteenth day of the same rested they, and made it a feast of gladness: rejoicing that they were delivered out of the hand of...

Esther 9:18

John Gill - Exposition - John Gill

But the Jews that were at Shushan assembled together on the thirteenth day thereof, and on the fourteenth day thereof,.... Of the month Adar; that is, they gathered together to defend themselves, and destroy their enemies, on both these days, having the decree renewed for the fourteenth as they had for the thirteenth: and on the fifteenth day of...

Esther 9:19

John Gill - Exposition - John Gill

Therefore the Jews of the villages, that dwelt in the unwalled towns, made the fourteenth day of the month Adar a day of gladness and feasting,.... Jarchi observes that those in the villages, who are they that do not dwell in walled towns, observed the fourteenth, and they in towns surrounded with walls the fifteenth, as Shushan; and this...

Esther 9:20

John Gill - Exposition - John Gill

And Mordecai wrote these things,.... The transactions of those two days, and the causes of them, as well as the following letter; some conclude from hence that he was the penman of the book; and so he might be, but it does not necessarily follow from hence: and sent letters unto all the Jews that were in all the provinces of the King Ahasuerus,...

Esther 9:21

John Gill - Exposition - John Gill

To stablish this among them,.... That it might be a settled thing, and annually observed in all future generations, what they had now done: that they should keep the fourteenth day of the month Adar, and the fifteenth day of the same, yearly; as the former had been observed by the Jews in the provinces, and both by those in Shushan, Es 9:17 as...

Esther 9:22

John Gill - Exposition - John Gill

As the days wherein the Jews rested from their enemies,.... Having slain all those that rose up against them, and assaulted them: and the month which was turned unto them from sorrow to joy, and from mourning unto a good day; for in this month Adar, on the thirteenth day of it, they expected to have been all destroyed, which had occasioned great...

Esther 9:23

John Gill - Exposition - John Gill

And the Jews undertook to do as they had begun, and as Mordecai had written unto them. They engaged to keep these two days as festivals annually, as they had at this time done; not in a religious but in a civil way, not as parts of religious worship, and as additions to and innovations of the law, but by way of commemoration of a civil benefit...

Esther 9:24

John Gill - Exposition - John Gill

Because Haman the son of Hammedatha, the Agagite, the enemy of all the Jews, had devised against the Jews to destroy them,.... Had formed a design to exterminate them from the whole Persian empire in one day: and had cast Pur, (that is, the lot,) to consume them, and to destroy them; had cast lots to find out what would be the most lucky day in...

Esther 9:25

John Gill - Exposition - John Gill

But when Esther came before the king,.... To request of him her life, and the life of her people: he commanded by letters, that his wicked device, which he devised against the Jews, should return upon his own head; that whereas his wicked scheme was to destroy all the Jews, the king, by his second letter, gave orders that the Jews should have...

Esther 9:26

John Gill - Exposition - John Gill

Wherefore they called these days Purim, after the name of Pur,.... The lot; because of the lots cast by Haman; see Es 3:7, therefore for all the words of this letter; in obedience to what Mordecai wrote in his letter to the Jews, and because of the things contained in it: and of that which they had seen concerning this matter; with their own eyes,...

Esther 9:27

John Gill - Exposition - John Gill

The Jews ordained, and took upon them, and upon their seed, and upon all such that joined themselves unto them,.... Who became proselytes to their religion; that is, they appointed the above two days as festivals, and engaged for themselves, for their children, and all proselytes, to observe them as such; and one of their canons (s) runs thus,...

Esther 9:28

John Gill - Exposition - John Gill

And that these days should be remembered, and kept throughout every generation, every family, every province, and every city,.... And accordingly these days are commemorated by them now, and by all their families, and all in their families capable of it; and these words, "every province", and "every city", are used, as Aben Ezra observes, lest a...

Esther 9:29

John Gill - Exposition - John Gill

Then Esther the queen, the daughter of Abihail, and Mordecai the Jew, wrote with all authority,.... Strongly pressing the observance of this festival; before, Mordecai only recommended it, but now the queen gave a sanction to it, and laid her obligation on the Jews to observe it; perhaps some of the Jews were backward to it, or neglected to...

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